An article at BlogSecurity.net points us to a plug-in that will change the table-prefix of the MySQL database tables used by your blog.
This step contributes to the security of your blog by letting you swap the default (and thus obvious) 'wp_' table prefix for something obscure that a hacker could not guess at.
Remember that if your WP installation does not have error reporting turned off an attacker may yet be able to force your installation to reveal critical information by forcing an error and reading sensitive database information from the error messages.